如何做好儿童心理健康项目：32个案例三大发现
<div class="wx_rich_media_content" id="jsWxContainer"><section style="font-family: PingFangSC-light;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 1px;padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;font-size: 16px;" data-mpa-powered-by="yiban.io"><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="outline: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="text-align: justify;"><section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><br></section><section style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;margin-top: 10px;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;background-color: rgb(231, 236, 248);height: auto;padding: 21px;"><section style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="font-size: 15px;font-family: PingFangSC-light;color: rgb(38, 41, 42);line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 1px;"><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="text-align: left;"></span></strong>北师大中国公益研究院协同中国人口福利基金会在1个月时间内，向全国28个单位和机构征集了32个“儿童心理健康优秀公益项目”案例，对现阶段公益组织的基层实践进行分析，得出了3个主要发现。<span style="text-align: left;"></span></p></section></section><section style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="font-size: 14px;font-family: PingFangSC-light;color: rgba(118, 118, 118, 0.91);text-align: justify;letter-spacing: 1px;"><p>*备注：本文转载自微信公众号儿童主任，文章略有删改。文章仅代表个人观点，不代表机构立场。<br></p></section></section></section></section><p powered-by="xiumi.us"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.544px;"></span><br></p><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-variant-numeric: normal;font-variant-east-asian: normal;line-height: 25.6px;widows: 1;text-align: left;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: initial;"><section style="justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;"><section style="justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;margin-bottom: 10px;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;height: auto;"><section style="font-size: 19px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;text-align: center;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(51, 122, 183);background-color: rgb(51, 122, 183);width: 1.8em;height: 1.8em;line-height: 1.8em;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;font-size: 18px;"><p><strong>1</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 33px;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;"><section style="transform: rotateZ(315deg);" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;transform: translate3d(-19px, 0px, 0px);"><section style="background-color: rgb(51, 122, 183);height: 1px;"><svg viewBox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(31, 35, 41);font-size: 18px;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p><strong>一半以上公益项目进入社区和学校</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p powered-by="xiumi.us"><br></p><section style="font-family: PingFangSC-light;letter-spacing: 1px;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p>案例显示，一半以上的公益项目进入了学校和社区，1/4的公益项目进入家庭。</p></section><p powered-by="xiumi.us"><br></p><section style="line-height: 0;text-align: center;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;"><span class="wxart_image" wx-style="display:inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 366px;height: auto;"></span></section></section><p powered-by="xiumi.us"><br></p><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><p>除了学校、社区，这些机构的服务场景还包括家庭、医院、未管所、网络。在公益项目进入社区和学校的过程中，网络端口作为新媒介起到了重要作用。</p><p><br></p></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-variant-numeric: normal;font-variant-east-asian: normal;line-height: 25.6px;widows: 1;text-align: left;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: initial;"><section style="justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;"><section style="justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;margin-bottom: 10px;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;height: auto;"><section style="font-size: 19px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;text-align: center;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(51, 122, 183);background-color: rgb(51, 122, 183);width: 1.8em;height: 1.8em;line-height: 1.8em;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;font-size: 18px;"><p><strong>2</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 33px;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;"><section style="transform: rotateZ(315deg);" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;transform: translate3d(-19px, 0px, 0px);"><section style="background-color: rgb(51, 122, 183);height: 1px;"><svg viewBox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(31, 35, 41);font-size: 18px;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p><strong>公益组织主要发力于预防和干预两个环节</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p powered-by="xiumi.us"><br></p><section style="font-family: PingFangSC-light;letter-spacing: 1px;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p>案例显示，在儿童青少年心理健康四大环节提供服务的占比情况是：促进预防占68.8%；干预治疗占62.5%；监测预警占37.5%；康复回归占9.4%。然而，上述四大环节都涉及的“全链条”服务，占比仅为3.1%。</p></section><p powered-by="xiumi.us"><br></p><section style="line-height: 0;text-align: center;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;"><span class="wxart_image" wx-style="display:inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 349px;height: auto;"></span></section></section><p powered-by="xiumi.us"><br></p><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><p>黄放表示，<span style="color: rgb(51, 122, 183);"><strong>公益组织在促进预防环节实现了强劲发力。</strong></span>这反映出公益组织对儿童心理健康问题的前瞻性、积极性，<span style="color: rgb(51, 122, 183);"><strong>但也进一步呼吁加强全链条项目操作，形成促进预防到康复回归的闭环。</strong></span></p><p><br></p><p>值得一提的是，这些项目的实施离不开多方合作，依托于中间群体，包括社区社工、教师<span style="color: rgba(118, 118, 118, 0.91);">（一线班主任、高校专家、普通教师等）</span>、心理咨询师、志愿者、社区队伍、家长及医疗队伍7类人群。</p><p><br></p><p>通过这7类人群，75%的项目会关注特殊需求，但医疗服务仍是一大难点。</p><p><br></p></section><section style="line-height: 0;text-align: center;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;"><span class="wxart_image" wx-style="display:inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 392px;height: auto;"></span></section></section><p powered-by="xiumi.us"><br></p><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-variant-numeric: normal;font-variant-east-asian: normal;line-height: 25.6px;widows: 1;text-align: left;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: initial;"><section style="justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;"><section style="justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;margin-bottom: 10px;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;height: auto;"><section style="font-size: 19px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;text-align: center;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(51, 122, 183);background-color: rgb(51, 122, 183);width: 1.8em;height: 1.8em;line-height: 1.8em;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;font-size: 18px;"><p><strong>3</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 33px;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;"><section style="transform: rotateZ(315deg);" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;transform: translate3d(-19px, 0px, 0px);"><section style="background-color: rgb(51, 122, 183);height: 1px;"><svg viewBox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(31, 35, 41);font-size: 18px;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p><strong>公益组织基层实践在8个方面体现价值</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p powered-by="xiumi.us"><br></p><section style="font-family: PingFangSC-light;letter-spacing: 1px;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p>这8个方面包括：</p><p><br></p><ul class="list-paddingleft-1" style="list-style-type: circle;"><li><p>提供政策倡导</p></li><li><p>开展研究（学术/实验/监测/评估）</p></li><li><p>提高公众的意识以解决污名化和歧视问题</p></li><li><p>赋能影响儿童心理健康的成人</p></li><li><p>开发专业知识产品</p></li><li><p>填补儿童心理健康的服务缺口</p></li><li><p>支持儿童的个体需求</p></li><li><p>开展综合儿童保护类活动</p></li></ul><p><br></p><p>从宏观、中观、微观等三个层次出发，重塑如何展开儿童健康服务的传统观点。其中，“填补儿童心理健康服务缺口”的机构最多（27个），提升公众意识的机构次之（25个），支持儿童个体需求紧随其后（22个）。这些大多是微观层面的服务，主要填补了儿童心理健康的缺口，包括危机干预和一线的服务，同时支持儿童的个体需求，通过开展儿童保护类活动来减缓对儿童心理健康的负面影响。</p></section><p powered-by="xiumi.us"><br></p><section style="line-height: 0;text-align: center;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;"><span class="wxart_image" wx-style="display:inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 388px;height: auto;"></span></section></section><p powered-by="xiumi.us"><br></p><section style="font-family: PingFangSC-light;letter-spacing: 1px;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p>宏观层面上，公益项目提供政策倡导，包括下一步在哪些政策方面发力，大部分项目会进行监测和评估类的研究，部分项目能够开展学术研究，为一些专题提供数据和实践经验。中观层面涵盖赋能影响儿童心理健康的成人以及开展专题培训和开发知识产品，数据大部分来源于社会组织相对薄弱的地方。但总体而言，宏观层面的政策倡导、中观层面的服务仍待加强。</p><p><br></p></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-variant-numeric: normal;font-variant-east-asian: normal;line-height: 25.6px;widows: 1;text-align: left;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: initial;"><section style="justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;"><section style="justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;margin-bottom: 10px;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;height: auto;"><section style="font-size: 19px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;text-align: center;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: inline-block;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(51, 122, 183);background-color: rgb(51, 122, 183);width: 1.8em;height: 1.8em;line-height: 1.8em;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;font-size: 18px;"><p><strong>4</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 33px;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;"><section style="transform: rotateZ(315deg);" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;transform: translate3d(-19px, 0px, 0px);"><section style="background-color: rgb(51, 122, 183);height: 1px;"><svg viewBox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(31, 35, 41);font-size: 18px;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p><strong>专家的三大发现</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p powered-by="xiumi.us"><br></p><section style="font-family: PingFangSC-light;letter-spacing: 1px;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><p><span style="color: rgb(51, 122, 183);"><strong>一、知识内容（产品）的重视和开发直接影响公益项目的优劣。</strong></span></p><p><br></p><p>以中国发展研究基金会的“青心向荣”项目为例，内容涉及自我照料、心理健康教育、社会情感学习和危机预防四大方向，不仅关注儿童全面发展，也体现出对心理健康服务的深刻理解与科学支持。</p><p><br></p><p>佛山桂城街道第二小学的“心智”项目，通过教师达成共识并共同设计教学内容，将知识融入日常教学，体现了校社项目设计对专业知识的注重。</p><p><br></p><p><span style="color: rgb(51, 122, 183);"><strong>二、不同服务环节衔接得越紧密，对儿童的干预越有效。</strong></span></p><p><br></p><p>佛山市南海区（镇）个案管理转介中心实现全覆盖该项目，根据公安部门的数据实施干预，有效降低青少年自杀率。</p><p><br></p><p>凤凰网&志玲姐姐的“护童计划”服务项目，在家、校、社合力下，通过个体咨询、学校活动、网络活动形成完整的服务闭环，项目直接受益人数达18万人，间接服务3000万人。</p><p><br></p><p><span style="color: rgb(51, 122, 183);"><strong>三、基层社会组织是聚合资源的重要枢纽，也是破局的关键。</strong></span></p><p><br></p><p>重点研究的11个优秀项目中，有6个来自社会组织。社会组织能量有限，难以形成全链条服务，但作为一个枢纽，它们可以链接政府、学校、公益机构等资源，更好地为儿童服务。</p><p><br></p><p>公益组织如何在儿童心理健康方面实现进一步发展？黄放建议：<span style="color: rgb(51, 122, 183);"><strong>搭建全国性的技术交流和知识开发协作平台，促进全国性公益行业的交流与协作。打破咨询、援助、危机干预、治疗、康复的技术壁垒，为社会组织的赋能提供空间，共同构建儿童心理健康关爱的高质量服务体系。</strong></span></p></section><p powered-by="xiumi.us"><br></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: contents;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="display: contents;"><section style="display: contents;"><section style="outline: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; visibility: visible;"><svg viewBox="0 0 1 1" style="float: left;line-height: 0;width: 0px;"></svg></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><br></section><p powered-by="xiumi.us"><br></p></section><p style="display: none;"><mp-style-type data-value="3"></mp-style-type></p><br>转载声明：本文转载自「南都公益基金会」，搜索「narada_foundation」即可关注，[<a target="_blank" href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/dCy43ln_MRp2FWKq5zW7Kg">阅读原文</a>]。</div><p></p>
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