吴军：当下一代大概率难以超越父母，如何走好教育之路？
<div class="wx_rich_media_content" id="jsWxContainer"><section style="margin-left: 8px; margin-right: 8px;"><span class="wxart_image" wx-style="display:inline-block;outline: 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);letter-spacing: 0.544px;color: rgb(75, 75, 75);font-size: 20px;display: inline;font-family: 微软雅黑;width: 677px;visibility: visible !important;height: auto !important;"><br></span></section><p style="margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(86, 86, 86);"></span></p><section data-role="outer" label="edit by 135editor"><p style="line-height:1.75em;"><span style="font-size:16px;"></span></p></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; font-size: 16px;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="outline: 0px;font-size: 17px;"><section style="outline: 0px;font-variant-numeric: normal;font-variant-east-asian: normal;line-height: 27.2px;widows: 1;"><section style="outline: 0px;font-family: 微软雅黑;"><section style="outline: 0px;border-width: 0px;border-style: initial;border-color: currentcolor;text-align: center;"><section style="margin: 10px auto;padding: 15px;outline: 0px;border-color: rgb(245, 246, 247);border-radius: 4px;background-color: rgb(245, 246, 247);"><p style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;outline: 0px;text-align: justify;line-height: 2em;"><span style="outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 16px;background-color: rgb(53, 142, 119);"><strong style="outline: 0px;text-align: left;">看点 </strong></span><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;"> AI技术的突飞猛进，让不少家长对未来教育产生了迷茫。知名计算机科学家、硅谷资深投资人吴军博士认为，尽管AI技术日新月异，但教育的底层逻辑始终未变，尤其是教育内卷的态势，并不会改变。在新书《卓越》中，他直言，<span style="outline: 0px;caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);letter-spacing: 0.544px;">教育的目的和目标是两回事；</span>当教育回报率不断降低，每个家庭更应该找到适合自己的教育之路。</span><em style="letter-spacing: 0.544px;outline: 0px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;text-indent: 27.4667px;"><strong style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;"></span></strong></em></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(53, 142, 119);"><br></span></p><p style="outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(53, 142, 119);"></span>来源：外滩教育（ID：TBEducation）</p><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; font-size: 16px;"><section style="outline: 0px;"><section style="outline: 0px;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="outline: 0px;font-size: 17px;"><section style="outline: 0px;"><section style="outline: 0px;"><p style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;outline: 0px;font-variant-numeric: normal;font-variant-east-asian: normal;widows: 1;text-align: center;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;">文丨Jennifer 编丨Chelsea</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><p mpa-paragraph-type="body" style="outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">AI技术的不断迭代和发展，让已经日益内卷的教育环境，更多了一种惶恐和茫然无措。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">作为</span><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(53, 142, 119);"><strong style="outline: 0px;">计算机科学家、硅谷投资人</strong></span><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">，</span><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(53, 142, 119);"><strong style="outline: 0px;">吴军</strong></span><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">却认为，很多关于AI和教育的讨论，其实是一种</span><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">伪命题。因为<strong style="outline: 0px;">无论AI的技术如何更迭，教育的底层逻辑其实并没有改变，教育内卷的现状也不会消失。</strong></span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);lette-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">很多家长熟悉吴军博士，是因为《大学之路》这本书。8年前，他的大女儿以优异的成绩进入斯坦福大学，他在这本书里回顾了自己和女儿走过的求学之路，陪女儿在美国选大学的过程，以及对教育的理解。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">2年前，他的小女儿也从高中毕业，完成了大学申请。陪伴两个女儿的教育之路，以及长期以来对教育问题的思索，让他试着厘清一些教育的底层逻辑，并写进自己的新书《卓越》。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; text-align: center;"><span class="wxart_image" wx-style="display:inline-block;outline: 0px;border-radius: 18px;width: 380px !important;visibility: visible !important;height: auto !important;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">作为一位对教育感兴趣的父亲，同时也是一位站在科技和商业前沿的科学家，他经常能以一位“局外人”的身份给出一些犀利的观点。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">他直言，今天似乎人人都很关心教育，但是，重视教育并不等于会教育，多投入时间和金钱也未必能取得好的教育结果。教育自有其规律，不会因为我们心急或者增加投入就发生改变。</span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em;"><strong style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);font-size: 16px;caret-color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">当教育回报率不断降低，全球教育军备竞赛进入到一种“存量竞争”，</span></strong><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(53, 142, 119);"><strong style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;caret-color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">家庭和个体更需要重新审视教育的目的，找到适合自己的教育目标，以及通往卓越之路。</span></strong></span><strong style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);font-size: 16px;caret-color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"></span></strong></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><strong style="outline: 0px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></strong></span></p><section style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; text-align: center;"><span class="wxart_image" wx-style="display:inline-block;outline: 0px;border-radius: 9px;width: 546px !important;visibility: visible !important;height: auto !important;"></span></section><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center;"><span style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.5px; color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">吴军博士</span><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><o:p style="outline: 0px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; text-align: center;"><span class="wxart_image" wx-style="display:inline-block;outline: 0px;visibility: visible !important;width: 677px !important;height: auto !important;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center;"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(53, 142, 119);"><strong style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 18px;">如何对待</span></strong></span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center;"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(53, 142, 119);"><strong style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 18px;">必然会发生的教育内卷</span></strong></span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">谈起今天的教育内卷，吴军觉得，这是人口增加和竞争激烈下的必然结果。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">可是，教育内卷究竟会带来什么？他根据自己和孩子的学习经验，以及对身边人的观察后发现，<strong style="outline: 0px;">当学习成绩达到一定程度后，再投入时间训练，成绩也不会再提高了。</strong></span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">为证实这一想法，他专门调查了中国一些大学，比如清华大学、复旦大学等高校每年的高考录取分数线，发现了一个问题：</span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><section style="outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; font-size: 16px;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="outline: 0px;transform: rotate(0deg);"><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;outline: 0px;text-align: center;"><section style="padding: 8px;outline: 0px;display: inline-block;width: 520.195px;vertical-align: top;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(72, 162, 139);border-radius: 5px;overflow: hidden;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="outline: 0px;transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);"><section style="padding: 10px;outline: 0px;display: inline-block;width: 502.195px;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgba(136, 136, 136, 0.08);border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(96, 96, 96);border-radius: 5px;overflow: hidden;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="outline: 0px;text-align: justify;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);"><p style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">那就是，如果以拼分数为目的、半军事化管理的强化练习对提高成绩有好处，那么这些大学的录取分数线，应该随着最近10年教育内卷程度的加深而稳步提高。</span></p><p style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">事实却是，从2011年到2021年的10年间，这些大学的录取分数线没有明显的变化，每年的变化都在浮动范围之内。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(53, 142, 119);"><strong style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;">越来越高的教育投入，并没有使学生的绝对成绩产生变化，反而对个体造成了一些伤害。</span></strong></span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">显而易见的是，参加过多补习班，一遍又一遍地刷题，让学生的睡眠时间越来越短，身体发育受到影响，这样的压力甚至会导致很多心理问题，让他们原本该自由发展的天性受到抑制，失去对知识的兴趣。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><strong style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">教育内卷的结果，无论在国家层面，还是个人层面，都造成了很大的资源浪费。</span></strong><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"></span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">吴军还将今天国内大、中、小学生在课程学习上花的时间及学习效果，和30多年同龄人在每一个阶段花的时间以及得到的结果，做了对比。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">他观察到，今天这一代学生虽然在语文、数学等考试课程上花了很多时间，且很早就开始了计算机编程方面的培训。但结果却是，除了在简单的计算机编程方面普遍有进步之外，在数学、语文、自然科学上，都没有表现得更好。特别是一些进入国内外名牌大学的学生，他们的数学运算能力、解决计算机难题的能力，都差强人意。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">吴军认为，这和他们在学生时代仅仅靠强化训练的培养方式有关系。<strong style="outline: 0px;">单纯增加学习时间，大量重复性地做题，对个人的思维锻炼和个体发展，有害无益。</strong></span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">正如北京理工大学教育研究院教授、国家教育咨询委员会委员杨东平所说，<strong style="outline: 0px;">教育内卷使我们的整个教育系统和学习系统发生了退化。其中，教育系统的退化是在整体层面，学习系统的退化则是在个人层面。</strong></span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><section style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; text-align: center;"><span class="wxart_image" wx-style="display:inline-block;outline: 0px;border-radius: 9px;visibility: visible !important;width: 645px !important;height: auto !important;"></span></section><section style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; text-align: center;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></section><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">既然内卷是一件性价比很低的事，为什么还让全球范围内的父母趋之若鹜？这背后主要</span><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(53, 142, 119);"><strong style="outline: 0px;">源于中产父母对下一代超越自己的渴望，以及对阶层滑落的恐惧。</strong></span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">清北和藤校毕业的父母，大概率会希望孩子也能上这样级别的学校，不要比自己差。可是，从数据统计来看，这简直是不可能的。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;">吴军在清华大学的学妹、雨果奖获奖者郝景芳，曾做过一个统计估算。</span><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><br style="outline: 0px;"><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><section style="outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; font-size: 16px;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="outline: 0px;transform: rotate(0deg);"><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;outline: 0px;text-align: center;"><section style="padding: 8px;outline: 0px;display: inline-block;width: 520.195px;vertical-align: top;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(72, 162, 139);border-radius: 5px;overflow: hidden;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="outline: 0px;transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);"><section style="padding: 10px;outline: 0px;display: inline-block;width: 502.195px;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgba(136, 136, 136, 0.08);border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(96, 96, 96);border-radius: 5px;overflow: hidden;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="outline: 0px;text-align: justify;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);"><p style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;">她将清华、北大一年录取的博士、硕士、本科生加起来，大致有</span><strong style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;">3</span><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;">万</span></strong><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;">人。其中，大约有三分之二会留在国内，其中又有一多半会留在北京，也就是</span><strong style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;">1</span><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;">万</span></strong><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;">多名清北毕业生。</span></p><p style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 15px;">假设这1万多名毕业生两两组成家庭，那么至少组成<strong style="outline: 0px;">5000</strong>个“清北家庭”（当然这是一种极端假设，实际家庭数量远远不止）。而清华、北大每年在北京会招多少本科生呢？大约<strong style="outline: 0px;">600</strong>人。</span></p><p style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 15px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 15px;">也就是说，<strong style="outline: 0px;">即使把在北京的招生名额，全部给“清北家庭”子女，也有九成孩子是上不了清华北大的。</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">吴军发现，即使估算得更宽松一点，结果也至少有六成“清北家庭”的孩子上不了清北。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">因此，家长希望孩子的成就能超越自己，这一期待可以理解，但是并不合理。特别是名校毕业的父母，下一代想要再考上名校的概率，并不会比父母更高。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">这一情况还不只是发生在中国。</span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">吴军表示，在美国，硅谷和纽约的名校毕业生也面临着同样的问题。那些毕业于名校，在各大公司担任要职</span><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">，有着非常光鲜的履历，孩子却未必能“青出于蓝”，上不了美国名校的，也比比皆是。这同样符合前面所说的统计学概率。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">据他这10年来的观察，大约从2013、2014年开始，硅谷地区的华裔二代进入美国名校的总人数基本不再增长。</span><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">十年前能横扫美国排名前五大学的申请材料，放在今天，至多能被一所排名前十的大学录取。且美国排名前20名大学的华裔学生比例，在最近十年并没有提高。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">当名校提供给亚裔学生的比例保持不变，也就意味着<strong style="outline: 0px;">无论怎么卷，都只能陷入一种“高投入、低回报”的存量竞争。</strong></span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">如果大家能想通这一点，很多名校毕业的中产父母，应该能更理性看待“内卷”。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><p style="outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; text-align: center;"><span class="wxart_image" wx-style="display:inline-block;outline: 0px;visibility: visible !important;width: 677px !important;height: auto !important;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center;"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(53, 142, 119);"><strong style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 18px;">认清教育的目的</span></strong></span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center;"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(53, 142, 119);"><strong style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 18px;">取法乎上</span></strong></span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">认清现实后，再来看内卷之下的“鸡娃”，就会发现这种教育方式吃力不讨好，投入了大量的时间和金钱，却可能看不到什么效果。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">然而，</span><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(53, 142, 119);"><strong style="outline: 0px;">想要做出更有智慧的选择，还需要对“教育的真正目的”，做一次正本清源的思考。</strong></span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">吴军表示，</span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t" mpa-paragraph-type="quote" style="outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px;"><section data-role="outer" label="Powered by 135editor.com" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;"><section mpa-from-tpl="t" style="padding-right: 15px;padding-left: 15px;outline: 0px;"><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="7" data-color="#358e77" data-custom="#358e77" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="outline: 0px;"><section mpa-from-tpl="t" style="padding-left: 10px;outline: 0px;border-left: 5px solid rgb(53, 142, 119);border-top-color: rgb(53, 142, 119);border-right-color: rgb(53, 142, 119);border-bottom-color: rgb(53, 142, 119);"><section mpa-from-tpl="t" style="outline: 0px;font-size: 13px;letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.75em;color: rgb(53, 142, 119);"><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);line-height: 1.5em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">如果一个人把教育的目的，仅仅理解为是获得学历，那么，他即使接受了最好的教育，在人生和职业道路上也走不远；</span></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);line-height: 1.5em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);line-height: 1.5em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">如果这个社会上的大多数人，都将教育的目的理解为获得学历，那么带来的一定会是非常严重的内卷。</span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><o:p style="outline: 0px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><strong style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;">正因为对</span><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;">教育目的认识不清，很容易陷入急功近利。</span></strong><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;">且在不同国家的升学游戏规则下，各有各的卷法。</span><br style="outline: 0px;"><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><br style="outline: 0px;"><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">他经常见到，很多美国亚裔高中生参加各类学科竞赛和课外活动，单纯只是为了升学，而非出于自身的兴趣爱好。</span></p><section style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(96, 96, 96); letter-spacing: 0.5px; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.75;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></section><section style="outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; font-size: 16px;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="outline: 0px;transform: rotate(0deg);"><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;outline: 0px;text-align: center;"><section style="padding: 8px;outline: 0px;display: inline-block;width: 520.195px;vertical-align: top;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(72, 162, 139);border-radius: 5px;overflow: hidden;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="outline: 0px;transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);"><section style="padding: 10px;outline: 0px;display: inline-block;width: 502.195px;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgba(136, 136, 136, 0.08);border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(96, 96, 96);border-radius: 5px;overflow: hidden;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="outline: 0px;text-align: justify;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);"><p style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">比如，他遇到过一位华裔学生，在高中时就一边创办俱乐部、一边辛苦创业。</span></p><p style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;">可是，当他收到一所名校的录取通知书后，马上就把已经完成了80%的创业项目扔到一边，俱乐部也交给其他人，再也不管了。因为他所有的努力，都只是为了提高申请大学的竞争力。</span></p><p style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;caret-color: rgb(96, 96, 96);font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">后来吴军了解到，这个学生在大学里不仅学得很吃力，还一直在找最容易的专业选修课凑学分。<strong style="outline: 0px;">功利性的升学包装，并没有让他获得持久的竞争力。</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></section><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">明确教育的目的，为什么很重要？因为它对学生和家庭的教育行为、教育决策，都有着高屋建瓴的指引作用。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t" mpa-paragraph-type="quote" style="outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px;"><section data-role="outer" label="Powered by 135editor.com" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;"><section mpa-from-tpl="t" style="padding-right: 15px;padding-left: 15px;outline: 0px;"><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="7" data-color="#358e77" data-custom="#358e77" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="outline: 0px;"><section mpa-from-tpl="t" style="padding-left: 10px;outline: 0px;border-left: 5px solid rgb(53, 142, 119);border-top-color: rgb(53, 142, 119);border-right-color: rgb(53, 142, 119);border-bottom-color: rgb(53, 142, 119);"><section mpa-from-tpl="t" style="outline: 0px;font-size: 13px;letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.75em;color: rgb(53, 142, 119);"><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);line-height: 1.5em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 15px;">如果一个孩子把教育的目的，设定为拿到名校的录取，他的发展后劲可能也就止步于此；</span></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);line-height: 1.5em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 15px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);line-height: 1.5em;"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;">如果一个孩子把教育的目的，简单理解为掌握谋生技能，无论从多么好的学校毕业，未来到“大厂”打工可能就是职业天花板。</span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><section style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; text-align: center;"><span class="wxart_image" wx-style="display:inline-block;outline: 0px;border-radius: 9px;visibility: visible !important;width: 645px !important;height: auto !important;"></span></section><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">那么，从孩子的长</span><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">远未来考虑，应该设定什么样的教育目的？</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">在吴军看来，教育的目的，应该在于能让人明辨是非、提高判断能力、拓宽见识。</span><strong style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(53, 142, 119);">简单来说，教育要能使人获得自由。</span></strong><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">他还总结了成功者身上不可缺少的共性特征：</span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t" mpa-paragraph-type="quote" style="outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px;"><section data-role="outer" label="Powered by 135editor.com" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;"><section mpa-from-tpl="t" style="padding-right: 15px;padding-left: 15px;outline: 0px;"><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="7" data-color="#358e77" data-custom="#358e77" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="outline: 0px;"><section mpa-from-tpl="t" style="padding-left: 10px;outline: 0px;border-left: 5px solid rgb(53, 142, 119);border-top-color: rgb(53, 142, 119);border-right-color: rgb(53, 142, 119);border-bottom-color: rgb(53, 142, 119);"><section mpa-from-tpl="t" style="outline: 0px;font-size: 13px;letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.75em;color: rgb(53, 142, 119);"><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);line-height: 1.5em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">在别人都随波逐流、判断不清形势时，他们能判断清楚；</span></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);line-height: 1.5em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);line-height: 1.5em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">在别人只看眼前利益、缺乏远见时，他们有超出常人的见识；</span></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);line-height: 1.5em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);line-height: 1.5em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">在别人无法做到尽善尽美时，他们能做到。</span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">这些共性，与名校和学历没有必然联系。那些接受了高等教育，看问题还停留在表面，判断力也不比同龄人高的孩子，未来也不会获得更多的机会。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">在今天，如果以“明辨是非、提高判断力、拓宽见识”的目的来看待当下的教育，个体的行为和决策，也就有了全新的参考系：</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><section style="outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; font-size: 16px;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="outline: 0px;transform: rotate(0deg);"><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;outline: 0px;text-align: center;"><section style="padding: 8px;outline: 0px;display: inline-block;width: 520.195px;vertical-align: top;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(72, 162, 139);border-radius: 5px;overflow: hidden;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="outline: 0px;transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);"><section style="padding: 10px;outline: 0px;display: inline-block;width: 502.195px;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgba(136, 136, 136, 0.08);border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(96, 96, 96);border-radius: 5px;overflow: hidden;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="outline: 0px;text-align: justify;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);"><p style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">比如，在学习某些学科知识时，不能满足于会做几道题，而是要<strong style="outline: 0px;">培养和锻炼知识背后的逻辑思维和判断能力；</strong></span></p><p style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">带孩子出去走一走、对这个世界充满好奇心、出自兴趣的阅读和思考，或许不能对升学和成绩有直接的帮助，却能<strong style="outline: 0px;">开拓眼界，让孩子在潜移默化中增长见识……</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">如果在教育目的的设定上“取法乎上”，也就对脚下的教育路径，多一份胸有成足的淡定。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; text-align: center;"><span class="wxart_image" wx-style="display:inline-block;outline: 0px;width: 578px !important;visibility: visible !important;height: auto !important;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center;"><strong style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(53, 142, 119);letter-spacing: 0.578px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: var(--articleFontsize);"><span style="outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 18px;">放弃不切实际的教育目标</span></strong></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">或许会有家长觉得，即使明确了教育的目的，在涉及到教育决策和选择时，依然无法“一劳永逸”，还是会有很多纠结和不知所措。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">这是因为，仅仅明确教育目的是不够的，在吴军看来，</span><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(53, 142, 119);"><strong style="outline: 0px;">不同个体和家庭还应该有自己的教育目标。教育目的和教育目标是两回事。</strong></span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;background-color: rgb(53, 142, 119);font-size: 16px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;">首先，教育目标的设定，应该与各自的家庭情况相匹配。</span></strong></span><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"></span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">简单来说，即使最终的教育目的相同，但是工薪阶层家庭和那些“家庭有矿”的孩子，所走的路也不一样。阶段性的目标，必然有所不同。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">对一个来自中下层家庭的孩子来说，掌握有效的、能够发挥自己专长的谋生手段，应该是教育的首要目标；</span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></span><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">在达成这个目标之后，通过进一步的学习和实践，增加自己的影响力，实现人生价值，获得一定的成就感，可以作为第二个目标。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><section style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; text-align: center;"><span class="wxart_image" wx-style="display:inline-block;outline: 0px;border-radius: 9px;visibility: visible !important;width: 645px !important;height: auto !important;"></span></section><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><strong style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;background-color: rgb(53, 142, 119);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">此外，教育目标的设定，也体现在对通识教育和专业教育的选择。</span></strong><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">在吴军看来，<strong style="outline: 0px;">出身普通家庭、需要在本科毕业后考虑就业的学生，走专业教育之路，比起走通识教育，或许是一个更好的选择。</strong></span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">他身边有不少华裔朋友，为了让孩子成为精英，把孩子送去那些名气很大，但并不重视专业教育的大学，最后发现，孩子毕业后空有一个漂亮的文凭，却没有一技之长，难以得到社会的认可。</span></p><p mpa-paragraph-type="body" style="margin-right: 1em; margin-left: 1em; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(96, 96, 96); letter-spacing: 0.5px; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.75;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t" mpa-paragraph-type="quote" style="outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px;"><section data-role="outer" label="Powered by 135editor.com" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;"><section mpa-from-tpl="t" style="padding-right: 15px;padding-left: 15px;outline: 0px;"><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="7" data-color="#358e77" data-custom="#358e77" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="outline: 0px;"><section mpa-from-tpl="t" style="padding-left: 10px;outline: 0px;border-left: 5px solid rgb(53, 142, 119);border-top-color: rgb(53, 142, 119);border-right-color: rgb(53, 142, 119);border-bottom-color: rgb(53, 142, 119);"><section mpa-from-tpl="t" style="outline: 0px;font-size: 13px;letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.75em;color: rgb(53, 142, 119);"><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);line-height: 1.5em;"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;">对于一个孩子来说，如果缺乏良好的通识教育，他可能难以走远；</span></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);line-height: 1.5em;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);line-height: 1.5em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 15px;">可是如果缺乏专才教育，他可能难以在这样一个高竞争性的社会里谋生。</span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p mpa-paragraph-type="body" style="margin-right: 1em; margin-left: 1em; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(96, 96, 96); letter-spacing: 0.5px; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.75;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">毕竟，不管做什么，孩子只有在某个领域有专长，才有可能出类拔萃。且掌握一技之长这件事，最好在走出校门前完成，毕业后，只有极少公司会像学校培养学生一样培养刚入职的年轻人。 </span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"> </span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">吴军建议，最好在选大学时，就应该设定好这一阶段的教育目标，选择适合自己的学校。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><section style="outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; font-size: 16px;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="outline: 0px;transform: rotate(0deg);"><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;outline: 0px;text-align: center;"><section style="padding: 8px;outline: 0px;display: inline-block;width: 520.195px;vertical-align: top;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(72, 162, 139);border-radius: 5px;overflow: hidden;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="outline: 0px;transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);"><section style="padding: 10px;outline: 0px;display: inline-block;width: 502.195px;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgba(136, 136, 136, 0.08);border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(96, 96, 96);border-radius: 5px;overflow: hidden;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="outline: 0px;text-align: justify;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);"><p style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">比如，哈佛、耶鲁这样的藤校比较注重通识教育，如果本科生毕业去申请谷歌或微软，面试官更可能倾向于麻省理工或卡内基梅隆大学的毕业生，甚至是加州伯克利、密歇根大学等公立大学的毕业生。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;"></o:p></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">或许正是因为这种例子太多，<strong style="outline: 0px;">今天很多美国华裔学生不再单纯追求进名校，而是会根据未来的发展需求，选择大学和专业。</strong></span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">吴军对比了两个女儿就读高中的毕业生申请数据发现，2022年和近七年来申请美国大学的学生中，选择工科和商科见长的学校（比如MIT、加州理工、卡内基梅隆大学等）的人数，比7年前多了许多；选择以通识教育见长的学校的人数，却明显减少了。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">造成这一现象的原因，还有网络课程资源的极大丰富。今天，通识教育的课程完全可以通过MOOC等网络平台学习。因此，过去先打通识基础再培养专长的受教育方式，正在逐渐被打基础和专长培养同步进行的学习方式所取代。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><section style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; text-align: center;"><span class="wxart_image" wx-style="display:inline-block;outline: 0px;border-radius: 9px;width: 578px !important;visibility: visible !important;height: auto !important;"></span></section><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><strong style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);background-color: rgb(53, 142, 119);">从更宏观的视角来看，每个人的教育目标，不仅受限于自身的条件，也和其生活环境和社会需求有关。</span></strong><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">比如，在普通教育和职业教育之间的选择，也在受国家政策导向的影响。当国家或者社会需要让一半年轻人被分流到职业教育的轨道上，而不是鼓励所有人都读大学时，必然会有一部分人，<strong style="outline: 0px;">需要重新审视自己的教育目标——究竟是要进入普通大学，还是转入职业教育赛道。</strong></span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">无论是个人还是家庭，如果设置了不切实际的教育目标，不仅可能无法达到最终的教育目的，还会感到迷茫，甚至怀疑教育的目的和意义。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; text-align: center;"><span class="wxart_image" wx-style="display:inline-block;outline: 0px;width: 578px !important;visibility: visible !important;height: auto !important;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center;"><strong style="outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: var(--articleFontsize);color: rgb(53, 142, 119);"><span style="outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 18px;">教育不平等的背后</span></strong></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center;"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(53, 142, 119);font-size: 18px;"><span style="outline: 0px;caret-color: rgb(53, 142, 119);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><strong style="outline: 0px;">是职业的不平等</strong></span></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">如果说，教育内卷，是人类社会发展的自然结果，那么教育不平等，同样如此。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">2021年，《我在北大附中上学的一天》的短视频，曾在网络上引起关注。视频里的高中生一天只上三门课，有丰富多彩的课余活动，下午5点半就放学，放学之后也没有关注。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><section style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><span class="wxart_image" wx-style="display:inline-block;outline: 0px;border-radius: 9px;visibility: visible !important;width: 645px !important;height: auto !important;"></span></span></section><section style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center;"><span style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.5px; color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">图片来源：《我在北大附中上学的一天》@瑞清ching</span></section><section style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center;"><span style="outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.5px; color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></section><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">很多人羡慕地说，自己的学校什么时候才能有这样的教育；还有更多人从这一视频里，看到了教育的不公平。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">在吴军看来，不论总体教育资源有多么丰富，教育都难以做到绝对公平。只要不同学校之间存在自由发展的空间，就会有好有坏。且教育本身具有筛选功能，它也决定了教育不可能实现绝对公平。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">他以美国为例，教育资源看似更丰富，也更开放，但顶级大学就那么几所，绝不比国内进清华、北大容易；顶级私立学校和公立学校之间也存在巨大差异。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">此外，大学录取规则中也没有绝对的公平，很可能在学业上同等优秀的学生，有的上了排名前10的私立名校，有的只能上州立大学，甚至无缘一些好的州立大学。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">从这个角度看，中国现有的高考制度，反而是做到了公平性，当然它也还有一些待优化的空间。</span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><section style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; text-align: center;"><span class="wxart_image" wx-style="display:inline-block;outline: 0px;border-radius: 9px;visibility: visible !important;width: 645px !important;height: auto !important;"></span></section><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">他还表示，</span><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(53, 142, 119);"><strong style="outline: 0px;">教育的不平等，背后根源其实是职业和社会分工的不平等。</strong></span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t" mpa-paragraph-type="quote" style="outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px;"><section data-role="outer" label="Powered by 135editor.com" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;"><section mpa-from-tpl="t" style="padding-right: 15px;padding-left: 15px;outline: 0px;"><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="7" data-color="#358e77" data-custom="#358e77" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="outline: 0px;"><section mpa-from-tpl="t" style="padding-left: 10px;outline: 0px;border-left: 5px solid rgb(53, 142, 119);border-top-color: rgb(53, 142, 119);border-right-color: rgb(53, 142, 119);border-bottom-color: rgb(53, 142, 119);"><section mpa-from-tpl="t" style="outline: 0px;font-size: 13px;letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.75em;color: rgb(53, 142, 119);"><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);line-height: 1.5em;"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;">社会永远会有分工，有人从事科技产业、金融服务，也会有人在餐厅做服务员、厨师；</span></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);line-height: 1.5em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 15px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></section><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);line-height: 1.5em;"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;">在写字楼里，有人从事白领工作，有人从事清洁工作。</span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><strong style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">当不同职业受到的待遇、收入差异过大，职业之间存在高低贵贱之分，必然会落到教育竞争当中，而且是一场教育资源悬殊的军备竞赛。</span></strong><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">也只有追求不同职业的平等，创造更公平的就业环境，对各行各业给予充分的尊重，所谓的教育公平问题、以及教育内卷，才有可能解决。</span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">那么</span><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(53, 142, 119);"><strong style="outline: 0px;">作为个体层面，在现有的资源和条件下，我们究竟要做些什么？</strong></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">或许，<strong style="outline: 0px;">重新理解教育和学习，变得十分重要。</strong></span><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;">所谓学习，</span><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;">不仅仅是学习知识，还要从以下三个方面发力：</span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t" mpa-paragraph-type="quote" style="outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px;"><section data-role="outer" label="Powered by 135editor.com" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;"><section mpa-from-tpl="t" style="padding-right: 15px;padding-left: 15px;outline: 0px;"><section data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="7" data-color="#358e77" data-custom="#358e77" mpa-from-tpl="t" style="outline: 0px;"><section mpa-from-tpl="t" style="padding-left: 10px;outline: 0px;border-left: 5px solid rgb(53, 142, 119);border-top-color: rgb(53, 142, 119);border-right-color: rgb(53, 142, 119);border-bottom-color: rgb(53, 142, 119);"><section mpa-from-tpl="t" style="outline: 0px;font-size: 13px;letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.75em;color: rgb(53, 142, 119);"><section style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);line-height: 1.5em;"><strong style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 15px;">一是学会理解世界</span></strong><span style="outline: 0px;font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 15px;">，包括在知识和逻辑上理解世界；</span></section><p mpa-paragraph-type="body" style="margin-right: 1em;margin-left: 1em;outline: 0px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.75;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><p style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;line-height: 1.75em;"><strong style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 15px;">二是学会运用知识</span></strong><span style="outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 15px;">，而不是单纯学习书面上的知识；</span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 15px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px;margin-left: 16px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;line-height: 1.75em;"><strong style="outline: 0px;"><span style="outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 15px;">三是终身学习</span></strong><span style="outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 15px;">，搭建自己和人类思想之间的桥梁，而不是离开学校就不再学习了。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">吴军尤其强调终身学习的重要性。早在《大学之路》写一书时，他就提醒，<strong style="outline: 0px;">今天，我们不仅要关注学校教育，还要重视孩子走出学校的教育。</strong></span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">尤其在知识和信息更新飞快迭代的时代，绝大部分人接受知识的速度，都慢于时代的步伐，且随着人均寿命的延长以及世界</span><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">人口的增长，必然会导致竞争的激烈化，终身教育和学习的意识，也变得越发重要。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">另一方面，<strong style="outline: 0px;">终身学习，也并非仅留在掌握新技能上，</strong>在越来越复杂的社会结构里，每个人都需要创造自己在社会中的发展空间，包括自由挑选职业、自己管理人生。这也应该是终身学习的内容。</span><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><br style="outline: 0px;"></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(96, 96, 96);letter-spacing: 0.5px;">吴军建议，当教育不平等与教育内卷一样，不可避免存在的时候，我们更要重新看待“学习”，走一条适合自己的教育之路。</span></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><br style="outline: 0px;"><o:p style="outline: 0px;"></o:p></p><p style="margin-right: 16px; margin-left: 16px; outline: 0px; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.578px; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 15px;">*文中图片除标注外，来自Pexels</span></p><section data-role="outer" label="edit by 135editor"><span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; widows: 1;"></span><p style="outline: 0px;"><br></p></section><p><br></p><section data-role="outer" label="edit by 135editor"><section style="margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 0em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px;"><strong style="outline: 0px;text-indent: 0em;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.54px;">—END—</strong><br data-filtered="filtered" style="outline: 0px;"></span></section><section class="mp_profile_iframe_wrp"><mp-common-profile class="custom_select_card mp_profile_iframe mp_common_widget" data-pluginname="mpprofile" data-id="MzkwNjAyMzkxOQ==" data-headimg="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icEwcU4TO4iacBrzIliaTD92IXsw2BhNZZicrgCEiaoGRH9uO6g1vhvF6P6RpibsfVjBVCaibCszP1Srr6BsSHmjgZcTg/0?wx_fmt=png" data-nickname="外滩教育" data-alias="TBEducation" data-signature="K12国际化成长社区这里有国际化教育前沿资讯，有专业人士的分享和洞察，还有高知家庭的养育心得和成长故事。我们和你一起探索有价值、有温度的成长与教育。" data-from="0"></mp-common-profile></section><section style="margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 0em; color: rgb(160, 160, 160); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 1px; color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">来源 | 外滩教育</span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 0em; color: rgb(160, 160, 160); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="outline: 0px; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 1px; color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">作者｜<span style="font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; widows: 1;">Jennifer</span></span></section></section><p style="display: none;"><mp-style-type data-value="10000"></mp-style-type></p><br>转载声明：本文转载自「光明社教育家」，搜索「jyjzzwx」即可关注，[<a target="_blank" href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/sfImXRpmP_Cba7_tbjUj-g">阅读原文</a>]。</div><p></p>
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